Peptide benefits guides

Quick, educational overviews of commonly discussed benefits and “areas of interest” for each peptide. These pages are not medical advice and are best read alongside safety context and evidence quality.

Tip: pair “Benefits” with the matching “Side effects” and “Research evidence” pages for a more balanced, evidence-aware read.

105 peptides

5-amino-1mq

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · NNMT inhibitor (small molecule)

Small-molecule NNMT inhibitor discussed in early-stage experimental metabolic and weight-related research.

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ACE-031

Other injectables · Myostatin/activin inhibitor (ACVR2B trap)

An experimental soluble activin receptor (ACVR2B) fusion protein studied for inhibiting myostatin and activin to promote muscle mass.

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Adipotide (FTPP)

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Experimental pro-apoptotic peptide

Experimental targeted peptide studied in preclinical models for reducing fat tissue by acting on its blood supply.

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AHK-Cu

Other injectables · Copper peptide

A copper-binding tripeptide studied mainly in cosmetic/skin and hair contexts for signaling effects on tissue and follicles.

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AICAR

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · AMPK activator

An AMPK-activating compound studied as an exercise mimetic in metabolic and endurance research.

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Alprostadil

Other injectables · Prostaglandin E1

A prostaglandin E1 analog (a vasodilator) used medically for erectile dysfunction and certain circulatory conditions.

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AOD-9604

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone fragment

Synthetic peptide derived from the C-terminal portion of human growth hormone, discussed for potential effects on fat metabolism.

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Ara-290

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Erythropoietin-derived peptide

Peptide derived from erythropoietin (cibinetide) studied in small randomised trials for tissue-protective and anti-inflammatory effects.

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B7-33

Other injectables · Relaxin (H2) analog

A single-chain peptide derived from the hormone relaxin (H2), studied preclinically for anti-fibrotic effects in heart, lung, and kidney tissue.

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BAC water

Other injectables · Diluent

Sterile water containing a bacteriostatic preservative, supplied as a diluent for reconstituting compatible medications rather than as an active therapeutic.

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Botulinum toxin

Other injectables · Neurotoxin

A potent neurotoxin that blocks acetylcholine release at nerve terminals; used medically and cosmetically to relax targeted muscles.

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BPC-157

WADA Limited

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Synthetic peptide fragment

Synthetic peptide fragment often discussed for tissue healing and GI-related effects.

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BPC-157 + GHK-Cu + KPV

Other injectables · Peptide blend

A vendor blend of BPC-157, GHK-Cu, and KPV combining repair, skin-signaling, and anti-inflammatory components; no dedicated trials.

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BPC-157 + GHK-CU + TB500

WADA Limited

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Peptide blend

Combination catalog entry bundling BPC-157, GHK-Cu, and TB-500 around tissue-repair and cosmetic themes; no dedicated trials.

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BPC-157 + GHK-CU + TB500 + KPV

WADA Limited

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Peptide blend

Combination catalog entry bundling four peptides discussed for healing, cosmetic, and anti-inflammatory themes; no dedicated trials.

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BPC-157 + TB500

WADA Limited

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Peptide blend

Combination catalog entry pairing BPC-157 with TB-500, two peptides often discussed for tissue repair; no dedicated trials.

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Bronchogen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied in Russian research for respiratory/bronchial tissue; limited independent evidence.

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Cagrilintide

GLP-1 / incretin · Long-acting amylin analog

Long-acting amylin analog studied for chronic weight management, usually alongside a GLP-1 receptor agonist.

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Cagrilintide + Semaglutide

GLP-1 / incretin · Amylin analog + GLP-1 receptor agonist combination

Fixed-dose combination of an amylin analog and a GLP-1 receptor agonist studied for obesity and metabolic disease.

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Cardiogen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for cardiovascular/heart tissue; mostly older Russian research.

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Cartalax

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied in the context of cartilage and joint tissue; limited evidence.

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Cerebrolysin

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Neuropeptide preparation

Injectable mixture of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids derived from porcine brain, used in some regions for neurologic indications.

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Chonluten

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for respiratory epithelium and lung tissue; limited independent data.

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CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone peptide blend

Vendor blend pairing a GHRH analog with a selective ghrelin-receptor agonist; the combination itself has never been tested in a published human trial.

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CJC-1295 with DAC

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Long-acting GHRH analog

Long-acting growth hormone–releasing hormone analog designed to extend GH and IGF-1 stimulation, discussed in experimental and wellness contexts.

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CJC-1295 without DAC

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · GHRH analog

Shorter-acting GHRH analog (modified GRF 1-29) discussed for stimulating GH release without a long-acting DAC modification.

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Cortagen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for brain/cortex neuroprotection in Russian research; limited evidence.

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Crystagen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for immune-system regulation; mostly older Russian research.

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Dermorphin

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Opioid peptide

Potent opioid-like peptide originally isolated from amphibian skin, occasionally discussed in experimental analgesia and performance contexts.

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Dihexa

Other injectables · Nootropic peptide (angiotensin-derived)

An angiotensin IV-derived peptide studied preclinically for synaptogenesis and cognition via HGF/c-Met signaling.

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DSIP

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Sleep-related neuropeptide

Small peptide historically studied for effects on sleep and stress, now mostly of experimental and niche interest.

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Dulaglutide

Other injectables · GLP-1 receptor agonist

A long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (marketed as Trulicity) used for type 2 diabetes; note vendor 'research' vials are not the approved product.

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Epitalon

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

Synthetic tetrapeptide discussed in aging and longevity circles on the basis of limited, region-specific research.

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EPO (Erythropoietin)

Other injectables · Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent

A hormone that stimulates red blood cell production; used medically for anemia and notoriously misused (and WADA-banned) in endurance sport.

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Follistatin 344

Other injectables · Myostatin-inhibiting protein

A follistatin variant studied for binding and inhibiting myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth.

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FOXO4

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Senolytic peptide

Experimental peptide discussed in senolytic and cellular-aging research, studied almost entirely in preclinical settings.

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GDF-8 (Myostatin)

Other injectables · Myostatin

Growth differentiation factor 8, the natural myostatin protein that limits muscle growth; studied as a research reagent and drug target.

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GHK-CU

Other injectables · Copper peptide

Naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide with a topical cosmetic evidence base for skin appearance and essentially no human safety data as an injectable.

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GHRP-2

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone–releasing peptide

Growth hormone–releasing peptide (pralmorelin) from an earlier generation of GH secretagogues, used as a diagnostic agent in some regions.

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GHRP-6

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone–releasing peptide

Growth hormone–releasing peptide from the same family as GHRP-2, historically discussed for GH release and appetite stimulation.

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Glutathione

Other injectables · Antioxidant tripeptide

Endogenous tripeptide antioxidant given orally or parenterally in wellness and hepatology contexts, with mixed evidence.

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Gonadorelin

Other injectables · GnRH analog

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog studied for stimulating LH and FSH release in reproductive and hormonal contexts.

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HCG

GH / growth factors · Gonadotropin hormone

Hormone with LH-like activity used in regulated reproductive and endocrine medicine, and discussed more broadly in wellness and performance contexts.

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Hexarelin

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone secretagogue

Potent growth hormone secretagogue from an earlier generation of GH-axis agents, now largely of historical and experimental interest.

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HGH 191AA (Somatropin)

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Recombinant human growth hormone

Recombinant human growth hormone with the same 191–amino acid sequence as endogenous GH, used in regulated settings for growth hormone–related conditions.

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HGH Fragment 176-191

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Growth hormone fragment

A C-terminal fragment of growth hormone studied for lipolytic (fat-loss) effects without growth hormone's growth signaling.

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HMG

GH / growth factors · Gonadotropin preparation

Menotropins: a gonadotropin preparation with FSH- and LH-like activity used in regulated fertility and endocrine settings.

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Humanin

Other injectables · Mitochondrial-derived peptide

A mitochondrial-derived peptide studied for cytoprotective and metabolic signaling in aging research.

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Hyaluronic acid

Other injectables · Glycosaminoglycan

A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan used in skin, joint, and cosmetic contexts for hydration and tissue support.

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IGF-1 LR3

GH / growth factors · IGF-1 analog

Long-acting insulin-like growth factor-1 analog discussed in experimental growth-factor contexts, with no clinical trial literature.

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IGF-DES

GH / growth factors · IGF-1 analog

Truncated insulin-like growth factor-1 analog discussed for localized growth-factor signaling in experimental settings.

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Insulin

Other injectables · Peptide hormone

The essential peptide hormone regulating blood glucose; a prescription medication with serious hypoglycemia risk if misused.

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Ipamorelin

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · Growth hormone secretagogue (ghrelin receptor agonist)

Selective growth hormone secretagogue and ghrelin-receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist whose corporate clinical program was discontinued.

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Ipamorelin + Tesamorelin

Other injectables · Growth hormone peptide blend

A vendor blend pairing the GHRH analog tesamorelin with the selective secretagogue ipamorelin for complementary growth hormone signaling; no dedicated trials.

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KissPeptin-10

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Reproductive neuropeptide fragment

Peptide fragment of the kisspeptin family studied for its role in reproductive hormone signaling in endocrine and fertility research.

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KPV (Lysine–Proline–Valine)

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Tripeptide fragment

Tripeptide fragment often discussed for anti-inflammatory and gut-related effects.

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L-Carnitine

Other injectables · Amino acid derivative

An amino acid derivative involved in transporting fatty acids into mitochondria for energy; used in metabolic and fat-metabolism contexts.

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Lemon Bottle

Other injectables · Fat-dissolving injectable (lipolysis)

A cosmetic fat-dissolving (lipolysis) injectable — not a peptide — marketed with riboflavin, bromelain, and lecithin; not FDA/MHRA/CE approved.

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Lipo-C with B vitamins

Other injectables · Lipotropic injectable

Injectable mixture of lipotropic agents and B vitamins marketed in wellness settings for energy and weight-related goals, with limited evidence.

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Lipo-C without B vitamins

Other injectables · Lipotropic injectable

Injectable mixture of lipotropic agents without added B vitamins, marketed for metabolic or weight-related support.

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Liraglutide

Other injectables · GLP-1 receptor agonist

A daily GLP-1 receptor agonist (marketed as Victoza/Saxenda) for diabetes and weight; vendor 'research' vials are not the approved product.

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Livagen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for liver tissue; mostly older Russian research, limited independent evidence.

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LL37

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Antimicrobial peptide (cathelicidin)

Human cathelicidin-derived peptide discussed for roles in innate immunity and tissue defense, largely in experimental contexts.

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Matrixyl

Other injectables · Cosmetic peptide

A cosmetic 'matrikine' peptide (palmitoyl pentapeptide) used topically in anti-aging skincare to signal collagen support.

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Mazdutide

GLP-1 / incretin · GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist

Dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied for obesity and type 2 diabetes; approved in China and investigational elsewhere.

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Melatonin

Other injectables · Hormone (pineal)

The pineal hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle; widely used as a sleep aid and studied for circadian and antioxidant effects.

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MGF (Mechano Growth Factor)

Other injectables · IGF-1 splice variant

Mechano growth factor, an IGF-1 splice variant (IGF-1Ec) produced by mechanically stressed muscle and studied for muscle repair.

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MK-677 (Ibutamoren)

Other injectables · Growth hormone secretagogue

Orally active ghrelin-receptor agonist and growth hormone secretagogue studied for raising growth hormone and IGF-1.

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MOTS-c

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Mitochondrial-derived peptide

Mitochondrial-derived peptide studied for roles in metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, and cellular stress responses.

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MT-I

Other injectables · Melanocortin-1 receptor agonist

Synthetic alpha-MSH analog (afamelanotide) approved as Scenesse for erythropoietic protoporphyria and discussed more broadly for skin pigmentation.

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MT-II

WADA Limited

Other injectables · Melanocortin receptor agonist

Synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist discussed in relation to tanning and sexual function, primarily in experimental and non-regulated contexts.

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NAD+

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Cellular cofactor

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a central cellular cofactor discussed in metabolic, aging, and mitochondrial health research.

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Oligopeptide-10

Other injectables · Cosmetic antimicrobial peptide

A synthetic cosmetic peptide (derived from the antimicrobial peptide granulysin) used topically in skincare for its antibacterial and skin-clarifying properties.

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Orexin A

Other injectables · Neuropeptide (hypocretin-1)

A wake-promoting hypothalamic neuropeptide (hypocretin-1) that activates both orexin receptors (OX1R and OX2R); studied for arousal, appetite, and narcolepsy.

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Orexin B

Other injectables · Neuropeptide (hypocretin-2)

A wake-promoting hypothalamic neuropeptide (hypocretin-2) that preferentially activates the OX2R receptor; less stable than orexin A and less studied.

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Oxytocin

Other injectables · Peptide hormone

Endogenous peptide hormone involved in uterine contraction, lactation, and social behavior, with approved obstetric uses.

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P21

Other injectables · Neurogenic peptide

A peptide studied preclinically for neurogenesis and cognitive effects (distinct from the p21 cell-cycle protein of the same name).

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Pancragen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for pancreatic tissue; mostly older Russian research.

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PE-22-28

Other injectables · Spadin analog (neuro)

A synthetic analog of spadin studied preclinically as a fast-acting antidepressant candidate via TREK-1 potassium-channel blockade.

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PEG-MGF

GH / growth factors · IGF-1 splice variant analog

Pegylated mechano growth factor analog discussed in experimental muscle and recovery contexts.

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Pinealon

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

Short peptide complex marketed in Eastern European contexts as a neuroprotective peptide, with limited and region-specific evidence.

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PNC-27

Other injectables · Experimental anticancer peptide

An experimental peptide studied preclinically for selectively disrupting cancer-cell membranes via an HDM-2 interaction.

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Prostamax

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for prostate tissue; mostly older Russian research, limited evidence.

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PT-141

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Melanocortin receptor agonist

Melanocortin receptor agonist approved as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.

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Retatrutide

GLP-1 / incretin · Triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist

Investigational triple agonist targeting GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors.

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Selank

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Anxiolytic peptide (tuftsin analog)

Synthetic peptide derived from tuftsin, discussed for anxiolytic and nootropic effects in experimental and regional clinical literature.

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Semaglutide

GLP-1 / incretin · GLP-1 receptor agonist

GLP-1 receptor agonist commonly discussed for glycemic control and weight management.

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Semax

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Nootropic peptide (ACTH fragment)

Synthetic heptapeptide discussed for neuroprotective and nootropic effects, studied mainly in Eastern European literature.

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Semax + Selank

Other injectables · Nootropic peptide blend

A vendor blend of the nootropic Semax and the anxiolytic Selank, combining cognitive and anti-anxiety research peptides; no dedicated trials.

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Sermorelin Acetate

GH / growth factors · GHRH analog

Synthetic growth hormone–releasing hormone analog, formerly marketed as Geref for diagnostic and paediatric growth use and now discussed in wellness settings.

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SLU-PP-322

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Small-molecule metabolic agonist

Experimental small molecule discussed in preclinical metabolic and mitochondrial research, with no human data.

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Snap-8

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Cosmetic peptide

Cosmetic peptide (acetyl octapeptide-3) used in topical formulations and discussed for softening the appearance of facial lines.

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SS-31

Metabolic / mitochondrial / small molecules · Mitochondria-targeted peptide

Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (elamipretide) with an FDA accelerated approval in Barth syndrome and a clearly negative phase 3 trial elsewhere.

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Survodutide

GLP-1 / incretin · GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist

Investigational dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied for obesity and metabolic disease.

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TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment)

WADA Limited

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Thymosin beta-4 fragment

Product name covering the actin-binding fragment of thymosin beta-4 — and, in some vials, the full-length protein — discussed for tissue repair.

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Teriparatide

Other injectables · PTH analog

A recombinant fragment of parathyroid hormone (marketed as Forteo) used medically to build bone in severe osteoporosis.

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Tesamorelin

WADA Limited

GH / growth factors · GHRH analog

Synthetic growth hormone–releasing hormone analog approved in some regions for HIV-associated lipodystrophy and studied more broadly in metabolic research.

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Testagen

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short peptide bioregulator studied for testicular/reproductive tissue; mostly older Russian research.

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Thymalin

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Thymic peptide extract

Thymic-derived peptide mixture historically used in some regions for immune modulation, now primarily of historical and experimental interest.

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Thymosin Alpha-1

Healing / anti-inflammatory · Immunomodulating thymic peptide

Peptide derived from thymic proteins, discussed for immune-modulating effects and studied in selected infectious and oncologic contexts.

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Tirzepatide

GLP-1 / incretin · Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist

Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist frequently discussed for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

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Triptorelin Acetate

Other injectables · GnRH agonist

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist used medically for hormone-sensitive conditions; continuous use down-regulates the reproductive axis.

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Vilon

Other injectables · Peptide bioregulator (Khavinson)

A short (Lys-Glu) peptide bioregulator studied for immune modulation and aging; mostly older Russian research.

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VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)

Neuro / nootropic / cosmetic · Neuropeptide vasodilator

Endogenous neuropeptide involved in smooth muscle relaxation, vasodilation, and secretion; its synthetic form aviptadil has been trialled in serious illness.

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Vitamin B12

Other injectables · Vitamin

Essential water-soluble vitamin involved in hematologic and neurologic function, given by injection when deficiency or absorption problems are present.

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Compare the benefit claims side by side

Head-to-head references where two compounds are set against each other on mechanism, trial evidence and the size of the effect actually measured.

All peptide comparisons